A Cross-Sectional Study on Craniofacial Measurements and Their Relationships with the Stature in Adult Bangladeshi Manipuri Males

Introduction: Craniofacial anthropometry can be useful forforensic scientist, physical anthropologist, genetic counsellorsas well as reconstructive surgery for the purposes ofidentification of an individuals and understanding humanphysical variation, gender and ethnicity especially with facialrecognition as a tool in recent advances in biometrics. Statureis one of the important criteria for personal identification whichhave a proportional biological relationship with every parts ofthe human body like head, face, trunk, extremities andvertebral column.Objective: In this study our main goal is to measure theselected linear craniofacial measurements from head and faceregion and the stature using the direct physical procedure.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study wascarried out in 100 healthy adult males from March 2017 toFebruary 2018 in the Department of Anatomy, BangabandhuSheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. Descriptivestatistics and testing of hypotheses were used for the analysisusing SPSS software (version 22.0).Results: Here positive correlations of the stature with themaximum cranial length, maximum cranial breadth,morphological face height, maximum facial breadth, butsignificant positive correlations of the stature with the maximumcranial breadth, maximum facial breadth, was found. The Mean(±SD) of Maximum cranial length (g-op) was 17.73 (±0.74),Maximum cranial breadth (eu-eu) was 14.27 (±0.75),Morphological face height (n-gn) was 11.15 (±0.86) andMaximum facial breadth (zy-zy) was 12.56 (±0.59).Conclusion: This study will be anticipated to provide baselinequantitative data on the linear craniofacial measurements andthe stature of adult Bangladeshi Manipuri males and usinglarger samples with non-contact measurement technique willhelp in defining craniofacial anthropometric profiling of the adultBangladeshi Manipuri males.

Analysis of Bangladeshi Medical Undergraduates Ability to Retain Anatomical Information by Using Mnemonics

Anatomy forms the fundamental base for the medical undergraduates during the earlier period of MBBS course. It is a vast subject and it always needs some specialized approach to teaching-learning. For easier retrieval of recalled anatomical information, medical undergraduates use different mnemonics. But the effectiveness of different mnemonic techniques like ‘Rhyme’ and ‘Storytelling’ has not been addressed systematically. Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from March 2017 to February 2018 and sample was collected from two public medical colleges in Dhaka City. Total 93 first year medical undergraduates of both sex were selected and divided into three groups (‘Rhyme’, ‘Storytelling’ and control) in the ‘memory tests’ on Neuronantomy. The effectiveness in memorizing anatomical information was determined and differences between effectiveness detected by comparing the performances of medical undergraduates. Results: Judging by the performances of the medical undergraduates, ‘Rhyme’ was found significantly more effective in memorizing anatomical information than ‘Storytelling’ and control group. Conclusion: The idea regarding the effectiveness of specific mnemonic techniques should be helpful in deciding on where and how to use or avoid the use of mnemonics according to their actual potentials.